Online Involvement for Georgia Student Teachers During Covid-19.

As concerns about Covid-19 rapidly escalated in March 2020 in the United States, all levels of education were impacted. A unique population (student teachers) faced challenges from two perspectives: as students and as teachers forced to teach and learn from a distance. Student Teachers, or preservice teachers (PST), are university students finishing a degree and/or teacher certification program by serving as an intern in a school setting. As schools were closed, these PSTs may not have been given access to the online learning platforms of their cooperating teachers (CT) and were no longer included in classroom instruction. The purpose of this study was to examine how the sudden shift away from traditional face-to-face instruction, co-teaching, and mentorship affected the involvement of music PSTs and their CT mentors in one region of the United States. Specifically, the research questions were: (1) How and in what ways were PSTs involved in planning, instruction, and/or assessment synchronously and asynchronously after school closures? (2) In what subdomains (performance, music theory/ear-training, etc.) were PSTs engaged in instruction and learning activities? (3) What challenges and solutions did PSTs report related to Covid-19 closures? A survey was sent, via email, to PSTs attending teacher preparation programs at universities in the state of Georgia at the end of the spring semester. Thirty-seven participants responded to the survey questions representing about 32% of all PSTs in Georgia in Spring 2020. Twenty-one were not given access to the online teaching platform of their placement school. A thematic analysis of the open-ended questions identified common themes including whether experiences were perceived as negative or positive. Of the PSTs given access, the majority of their responsibilities and experiences were creating assignments, additional help videos, participating in Zoom meetings, and assessing student assignment submissions. Of these experiences, interestingly, most were classified as positive by the PSTs. However, the importance of face-to-face interactions for both PST and the P-12 students was mentioned throughout survey responses. Approximately 10 PSTs mentioned their CT relationship/interaction and four of the respondents noted that their CT never reached out for help; however, six noted collaborative meetings or teaching with their CT. Importantly, some PSTs reported a lack of knowledge related to the planning and implementation of music instruction in the online modality. Therefore, teacher preparation programs should consider incorporating technology including online solutions into the music curriculum so that future music educators may more flexibly incorporate both in-person and distance learning.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Food Security of UK Adults Aged 20-65 Years (COVID-19 Food Security and Dietary Assessment Study).

The first UK lockdown greatly impacted the food security status of UK adults. This study set out to establish if food procurement was adapted differently for different income groups and if this impacted dietary intakes disproportionately. Adults (n = 515) aged 20-65 years participated in an online survey with 56 completing a 3-4 day diet diary. Food availability was a significant factor in the experience of food insecurity. Similar proportions of food secure and food insecure adapted food spend during lockdown, spending similar amounts. Food insecure (n = 85, 18.3%) had a 10.5% lower income and the money spent on food required a greater proportion of income. Access to food was the biggest driver of food insecurity but monetary constraint was a factor for the lowest income group. The relative risk of food insecurity increased by 0.07-fold for every 1% increase in the proportion of income spent on food above 10%. Micronutrient intakes were low compared to the reference nutrient intake (RNI) for most females, with riboflavin being 36% lower in food insecure groups (p = 0.03), whilst vitamin B12 was 56% lower (p = 0.057) and iodine 53.6% lower (p = 0.257) these were not significant. Coping strategies adopted by food insecure groups included altering the quantity and variety of fruit and vegetables which may have contributed to the differences in micronutrients.

STRENGTH IN NUMB3R5: THE JOURNAL OF THE HEALTH VISITORS' ASSOCIATION

Thomas et al describe the development of a health visiting community of practice (CoP) for the Family Resilience Assessment Instrument and Tool (FRAIT) in Wales. The FRAIT was developed and validity-tested by academics at the University of South Wales and health visitors in Wales. The FRAIT was launched in 2017 to contribute to HV assessments and is embedded in the Healthy Child Wales Programme. The FRAIT is used to assist HVs in their decision-making, care planning and planning for further interventions and resources. Negativity among HVs in Wales about the FRAIT and resistance to using it became apparent through social media postings and general feedback to the FRAIT development team.

Thrombus in Transit on Point-of-Care Ultrasound in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Cause of Refractory Hypoxia Requiring Systemic Thrombolysis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is predominantly a pulmonary disease due to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with underlying systemic involvement associated with coagulopathy. The reported number of events of venous thromboembolism and refractory hypoxia remains high despite being maintained on prophylactic or therapeutic doses of anticoagulation in patients with a high clinical indication, which has shown a reduction in mortality otherwise. This report is of a case of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in a 37-year-old Hispanic man who developed coagulopathy with left popliteal vein thrombosis and subsequently a right ventricle thrombus in transit diagnosed by point-of-care ultrasound requiring systemic thrombolysis. Although patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia are routinely given therapeutic anticoagulants, this case has shown that monitoring acute thrombotic events, D-dimer levels, and the presence of refractory hypoxia may indicate a thrombotic event that requires further intervention. This report has demonstrated the value of point-of-care ultrasound in the diagnosis of thromboembolism and venous thrombosis in a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.